Ultrasound of the abdominal cavity
List of documents for research
Direction (form No. 057/y) and extract from the ICAB (form No. 027/y) - if the study will be carried out in another building of the clinic or another municipal institution.
Evidence from previous studies/inpatient care - if available.
Patient preparation
The study is carried out on an empty stomach - b hours before the procedure, you can not eat and drink.
3 days before the upcoming study, a light diet is recommended: foods that enhance intestinal motility and ha & shy; formation (flour products, brown bread, raw vegetables and fruits, legumes, milk, juices, carbonated and alcoholic drinks) are excluded.
With increased gas formation, recommend that the patient take adsorbent preparations (activated carbon, hydrolysis lignin, colloidal silicon dioxide) for three days.
3 days before the procedure, do not conduct x-ray studies with barium.
The day before the study, do not conduct gastroscopy, colonoscopy, enemas.
Ultrasound of the Organs of the Small Pelvis
List of documents for research
Direction (form No. 057/y) and extract from the ICAB (form No. 027/y) - if the study will be carried out in another building of the clinic or another municipal institution.
Evidence from previous studies/inpatient care - if available.
Patient preparation
For women of reproductive age, the study should preferably be conducted on the 5-7th day of the cycle (counting from the first day of the onset of menstruation), in the absence of special gynecologist appointments.
For menopausal women, research can be done anytime.
TRUSES
Required list of documents for research
Direction (form No. 057/y) and extract from the ICAB (form No. 027/y) - if the study will be carried out in another building of the clinic or another municipal institution.
Evidence from previous studies/inpatient care - if available.
Patient preparation
You can’t carry out TRANCHES of the prostate gland with anal fissures.
BREAST USES
Required list of documents for research
Direction (form No. 057/y) and extract from the ICAB (form No. 027/y)
if the study will be conducted in another building of the clinic or another MO.
Evidence from previous studies/inpatient care - if available.
Patient preparation
For women of reproductive age, it is advisable to conduct the study on & shy; on the 5-10th day of the cycle (counting from the first day of the onset of menstruation).
For menopausal women, research can be done at any convenient time.
MAMMOGRAPHY
Required list of documents for research
Direction (form No. 057/y) and extract from the ICAB (form No. 027/y)
if the study will be conducted in another building of the clinic or another MO.
Evidence from previous studies/inpatient care - if available.
Patient preparation
For women of reproductive age, it is advisable to conduct a study from the 6th to the 11th day of the menstrual cycle.
For menopausal women, research can be done at any convenient time.
On the day of the study, recommend that the patient not use des & shy; odorants based on talcum powder and ointments based on zinc.
endoscopy
Required list of documents for research
Direction (form No. 057/y) and extract from the ICAB (form No. 27/y) -
if the study will be conducted in another building of the clinic or another MO.
Evidence from previous studies/inpatient care - if available.
Test results: RW, HIV, Hepatitis B and C with a statute of limitation of at least 6 months. OAK and Coagulogram - as needed.
Patient preparation
The study is carried out strictly on an empty stomach! The last meal is the night before no later than 19:00.
If the patient is constantly taking any medications, they should be taken with & shy; three hours before the study, with a little water!
If the patient is taking drugs that affect blood coagulation (anticoagulants: heparin, sodium hydrocytrate, neodicumarin, syncumar; antiplatelet agents: acetylsalicylic acid, dipyridamole, pentoxifylline, ticlopidine), you should consult with your doctor on the eve of this medication, with the decision on the upcoming study with a possible biopsy.
5 days before the procedure, the patient should avoid taking iron-containing preparations, activated carbon, bismuth-containing preparations. Important: for patients with epilepsy, endoscopy is indicated only for intravenous sedation! Patients with arrhythmias from myocardial infarction, stroke should consult a cardiologist and neurologist on the eve of. Patients with diabetes need to register for endoscopy in the morning and take the medications they take with them (tablet form, insulin). Be sure to check your glucosebefore research. Check your blood glucose level in the morning before testing. Patients with asthma need to take an inhaler with them.
COLONOSCOPY
Required list of documents for research
Direction (form No. 057/y) and extract from the ICAB (form No. 027/y) - if the study will be carried out in another building of the clinic or another municipal institution.
Evidence from previous studies/inpatient care - if available.
Test results: RW, HIV, Hepatitis B and C with a statute of limitation of at least 6 months. OAK and Coagulogram - as needed.
Patient preparation
3 days before the study, a low-fiber diet is required. Allowed milk, cheese, sour cream, cream & butter; yogurt without additives and fillers, fermented milk products; meat, poultry and fish of low-fat varieties (boiled, steamed or stewed); pasta; well-cooked white rice without additives, eggs, sugar, honey (not in comb). Allowed products should not contain small bones, grains, seeds, bran. Liquids: broths (transparent, filtered), juice without pulp, tea, water, non-alcoholic unpainted drinks. Is & shy; are included: sausages, sausages, tough meat with cartilage, canned food; vegetables, including potatoes, herbs, mushrooms, seaweed, seaweed; fruits, including dried fruits, berries, jam, jelly, jam, marmalade; all bakery and flour products, cereals, cereals, cereals, legumes; nuts, seeds, sesame, poppy seeds (in any form, including in dryers, rolls, etc. seafood, chips, hamburgers, chocolate. Liquids: alcohol, carbonated drinks, coffee, compote, kissel.
On the eve of the study, you can eat until 13:00, then drink clear liquids in any quantity: in the morning - light breakfast (according to the list of allowed foods), until 13:00 - lunch (also with & shy; according to the list of allowed foods), dinner - only permitted liquids (clear broths, tea, juice without pulp, water, soft drinks, unpainted). The intake of solid foods is recommended to be completely eliminated.
In the morning on the day of the study after preparation you can drink sweet tea, clear liquids. Stop taking all fluids should be no later than 2 hours before the study.
Taking cleansing products.
- Intestinal cleansing agent - preference is given to small volume preparations, for example, low-volume macrogol 3350 (polyethylene glycol 3350/PEG 3350) with an ascorbate complex - Moviprep preparation (2 liters). Defoamer - Simethicone.
- If a colonoscopy is scheduled from 8:00 to 14:00, a two-stage preparation is performed. In the evening on the eve of the study, you need to drink 1 liter of moviprep from 18:00 to 19:00 (or from 19:00 to 20:00), and then drink another 500 ml of allowed liquid (water, clear broth, fruit juice without pulp, compote without berries , non-alcoholic unpainted drinks, tea). In the morning on the day of the study, drink another 1 liter of moviprep (from 6:00 to 7:00, if the study is intended & shy; but at 10:00 or 11:00), to which you need to add 1/4 bottle of simethicone emulsion (syrup, i.e. liquid form! Not tablets or capsules!), then drink another 500 ml of permitted liquid (water, clear broth, fruit juice without pulp, fruit compote without berries, non-alcoholic unpainted drinks, tea). The time of the morning of the patient’s drug administration should be selected so that a minimum of 2 hours and a maximum of 4 hours elapse from the time the drug is taken to the study.
- If the study is scheduled from 14:00 to 19:00. Morning one-stage preparation. In the morning on the day of the study, drink 2 liters of the drug (moviprep) for cleaning the intestines and after each liter another 500 ml of the allowed liquid (water, clear broth, fruit juice without pulp, compote without berries, non-alcoholic non-colored drinks, tea), in the second liter, you need to add 1/4 vial of simethicone emulsion (syrup, i.e. liquid form! Not tablets or capsules!). The solution should be drunk fractionally, in small sips (do not drink in one gulp!), 250 ml (1 cup) every 15 minutes. At the very beginning of taking the drug solution or when taking it quickly in large quantities, nausea, vomiting may occur.
If you find it difficult to take a solution of the drug due to its taste, you can drink the solution chilled, through a cocktail tube (straw), in between drink or record the solution with a little water, sweet tea, and also dissolve candy caramel (candy lollipops such as "bar & shy; baris"), honey, lemon, etc. The addition of simethicone to the solution of moviprep facilitates the administration. While taking the drug, it is recommended to observe motor activity: walking around the apartment, performing circular movements with the body, tilting to the sides, back and forth, squats, you can perform self-massage of the abdomen, especially in cases of delayed action of the drug. The drug begins to act individually: on average, after 1-2 hours from the start of administration, the first stool appears. The active effect of the drug continuesindividually: on average for 2 hours (at this time there will be intense loose stools). By the time the preparation is completed, the stool should change to a clear, colorless or slightly colored liquid, which indicates readiness for examination. Finish taking the drug 2-4 hours before the appointed time of the study. The study is preferably in the range from 2 to 4 hours after the end of the drug.
- Important additional information. If the patient takes medications that normalize blood pressure, heart rate, etc., they are required to be taken as usual! Acceptance of given drugs is recommended not earlier than 1 hour after the end of taking moviprep. If the patient is taking blood thinners, this must be indicated on the ICAB and warn the endoscopist about this before the examination.
- For chronic constipation - 3-5 days (depending on the age of constipation) before preparing for the study, start taking laxatives of non-plant origin (Guttalax, Dulco-Lux, Slabilen, etc.), preferably on the recommendation of a doctor gastro? enterologist. Diarrhea (loose stools) is an expected effect in bowel preparation.
- It is strictly forbidden to reduce the volume of the drug liquid in preparation for the study. It is not recommended to additionally (or instead) carry out the procedure for cleansing the colon with enemas.
- It is not recommended to take vaseline oil if it is suggested that a study under intravenous anesthesia is expected.
- It is not recommended to drive a car on the day of the study, operate any mechanisms, or make important decisions. It is advisable that the patient is met and taken home.
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X-ray of the upper sections of the gastrointestinal tract
Required list of documents for research
Direction (form No. 057/y) and extract from the ICAB (form No. 027/y) - if the study will be carried out in another building of the clinic or another municipal institution.
Evidence from previous studies/inpatient care - if available.
Patient preparation
The study is carried out strictly on an empty stomach, you can’t eat, drink, drink alcohol, smoke.
The reception of drugs before the study should be agreed with the doctor who prescribed these drugs.
At least 6 hours must pass from the time of the last meal before the study.
On the eve of the study - an early light dinner, no later than 20:00. On the eve of the study, you can’t eat foods that cause meteorism — cabbage, legumes, fresh bread, pastries, sweets, and so on.
DAILY ECG MONITORING
Required list of documents for research
Direction (form No. 057/y) and extract from the ICAB (form No. 027/y) - if the study will be carried out in another building of the clinic or another municipal institution.
Evidence from previous studies/inpatient care - if available.
Patient preparation
Not required.
When conducting a study, patients should follow these guidelines:
fill in the diary of the patient throughout the day;
it is necessary to describe in the column the activity that he did, with the obligatory indication of time: waking up, resting, walking, transport, watching TV, reading, eating, walking, running, climbing stairs, sleeping, nightly waking up, etc., with indicating the time in the first column;
it is necessary to note the periods of rest in a horizontal position during the day and to clarify those moments when dozed off;
be sure to indicate in the column the symptoms: heart pain, headache, etc .;
it is obligatory to mark in the column the administration of drugs, the intake of all medicinal products.
DAILY MONITORING HELL
Required list of documents for research
Direction (form No. 057/y) and extract from the ICAB (form No. 027/y) - if the study will be carried out in another building of the clinic or other municipal unit. Evidence from previous studies/inpatient care - if available.
Patient preparation
Not required.
Research Information
The device will measure the patient’s blood pressure by inflating the cuff on the shoulder and then gradually letting air out of it. Measurements take place automatically at a specific time interval. During the day it is 15 or 30 minutes, at night - 30 or 60 minutes.
When conducting a study, patients should follow these guidelines:
monitor the position of the cuff. The lower edge of the cuff should be 1-2 fingers higher than the elbow. If the cuff slid down to the elbow, unfastened, or twisted and inflated with a “bubble” on one side, you need to correct it;
you need to stop and keep your hand, including your hand and fingers, relaxed, every time you hear a beep from the device or air is forced into the cuff. Otherwise, this measurement may fail and the device willa cut of 2-3 minutes can repeat it, which can lead to pain. The measurement ends when the air completely leaves the cuff. It is necessary to shake so that the tube connecting the monitor to the cuff is not pinched; If the measurement gives the patient excessive discomfort or if it is impossible to ensure immobility of the hand, press the STOP button. After & shy; further measurement will be carried out at the set time interval;
to perform an additional measurement (for example, with symptoms of pressure increase), press the "START" button on the front panel of the device. If the air from the cuff does not completely bleed off or there are signs of a monitor malfunction, the patient can remove the cuff, be sure to * disconnect it from the device carefully and bring the monitor to the doctor’s office;
if there is no time indication on the monitor, then the batteries are exhausted and further operation of the monitor is not possible. In this case, turn off the monitor and bring it to the doctor’s office;
If the patient needs to temporarily remove the cuff, be sure to disconnect it from the monitor. Otherwise, it may break;
the patient must fill out the patient’s diary throughout the day; in the activity column write what he was doing: waking up, resting, walking, transport, watching TV, reading, eating, walking, running, climbing stairs, sleeping, night awakenings, etc., indicating the time & shy; change in the first column;
be sure to note periods of rest in a horizontal position during the day and specify those moments when dozed off;
be sure to note in the column the symptoms of heart pain, headache, etc.
it is obligatory to mark in the column the administration of drugs, the intake of all medicinal products.
When conducting an orthoprobe, you must instruct the patient
The test is carried out either during the first two hours after the start of monitoring, or in the evening (20-22 hours).
In the upright position, the patient presses the “START” button 3 times with an interval of 3 minutes between each press, following the general rules of behavior when measuring blood pressure. Do not stand still during this entire episode of the study, but be sure to stay at the moments measurements.
You need to move to a horizontal position. After 1 min press the first “START” button. With an interval of 3 minutes, 3 times press the "START" button. If during the test the patient has unpleasant sensations, you need to fix them in the diary.
LOAD TESTS (TREEDMIL TEST, VEM)
Required list of documents for research:
Direction (form No. 057/y) and extract from the ICAB (form No. 027/y) - if the study will be conducted in another building of the clinic or another municipal unit. Evidence from previous studies/inpatient care - if available.
Patient preparation
It is necessary to cancel (or adjust therapy individually) the following drugs before the study:
beta blockers - cancellation 48-72 hours before the study;
nitrates, vasoactive drugs - cancellation on the day of the study;
antiplatelet agents - control of therapy.
The patient should take with him for research all constantly taken drugs. Adequate correction of blood pressure against the background of temporary cancellation of beta-blockers is a prerequisite.
On the day of the study:
don’t take blood tests;
do not smoke or drink coffee 2 hours before the study;
light breakfast - no later than 2 hours before the study;
men with intense hair should preferably shave their breasts;
take sports pants, socks, sports shoes.
Research Information
Before examination, electrodes are attached to the patient’s body, attached to the computer. With their help, the electrocardio & shy; gram is recorded, which is displayed on the monitor in real time.
During the stress test, the patient pedals the exercise bike. At each stage of the study, the load will increase.
The duration of each step is 2-3 minutes. Before and during the study, the nurse monitors the patient's blood pressure. The doctor observes the electrocardiogram of the patient being examined and his well-being. Reasons for stopping the stress test:
- onset of symptoms requiring a cessation of stress (chest pain, weakness, shortness of breath, lameness);
- severe depression ST & gt; 2mm;
- elevation ST & gt; 1 mm;
- significant arrhythmia;
- sustained decrease in systolic blood pressure;
- severe hypertension (systolic blood pressure & gt; 250 mm Hq or diastolic blood pressure & gt; 115 mm Hq) DBP parameters are not indicated;
- the achievement of the maximum calculated heart rate for a given patient;
- patient's refusal to continue the load. If the stress test was shrunk at heart rate & lt; 85% of the calculated maximum value for reasons not related to ischemia (weakness, lameness, patient failure, hypertension), then the test is not consideredvalid (i.e., based on it, IHD cannot be excluded);
- to assess the significance of a coronary heart disease patient and determine treatment tactics, it is necessary to calculate the Duke index: load time - (5 x ST deviation) - (4 x angina pectoris). With a Duke index of less than -11, the patient has a high risk of adverse cardiovascular events. Coronary angiography needed to be resolved;
- ECG stress test has no diagnostic value for initial blockade of LDL, stimulant rhythm, WPW syndrome.
Contraindications for stress testing:
- ACS;
- hemodynamically significant arrhythmias;
- active endocarditis;
- symptomatic severe aortic stenosis;
- decompensated heart failure;
- TELA;
- active myocarditis or pericarditis.
RESEARCH EXTERNAL FUNCTIONS RESPIRATION
Required list of documents for research:
Direction (form No. 057/y) and extract from the ICAB (form No. 027/y) - if the study will be carried out in another building of the clinic or another municipal institution.
Evidence from previous studies/inpatient care - if available.
OAK Result Data.
Patient preparation
The study is carried out on an empty stomach or not earlier than 1.5-2 hours after a light breakfast.
2 hours before the study, the patient should not smoke or drink coffee. Do not use inhalers before testing:
- short-acting inhalers (applied up to 4 times a day) are canceled 6 hours before the study;
- medium-duration inhalers (usually used 2 times a day, morning and evening) are canceled 12 hours before the study;
- long-acting inhalers (used 1 time per day) from & shy; change 24 hours before the study.
Before examining, the patient should avoid intense physical & shy; physical exertion.
The patient needs to come to the study 15-20 minutes before at & shy; chala to be able to rest a bit.
ECG
Required list of documents for research
Evidence from previous studies/inpatient care - if available.
Patient preparation
It is advisable for the patient to get enough sleep, give up morning exercises, take a shower and do not apply lotions and creams to the body.
Light breakfast, without coffee, tea and energy drinks 1.5-2 hours before the study.
At least 1.5-2 hours before the study, eliminate smoking and physical activity.
The patient should take all medications unchanged.
ECHO-KG
Required list of documents for research
Direction (form No. 057/y) and extract from the ICAB (form No. 027/y) - if the study will be carried out in another building of the clinic or another municipality.
Evidence from previous studies/inpatient care - if available.
Patient preparation:
Not later than 1.5-2 hours before the study - eating without coffee, tea, energy drinks.
1.5-2 hours before the study, the patient is advised not to smoke or exercise.
The patient should take all medications unchanged.
CYSTOSCOPY
Required list of documents for research
Direction (form No. 057/y) and extract from the ICAB (form No. 027/y) - if the study will be carried out in another building of the clinic or another municipal institution.
Evidence from previous studies/inpatient care - if available.
Ultrasound, MPT, CT data - if any.
Patient preparation
2 hours before the study, the patient must refuse to eat & shy; food intake.
Warn patient to remove all metal objects in the genital area (piercing).
After the examination, the patient needs to consume more fluid bones to increase the volume of urine excreted. To warn the patient that within 1-2 days it is possible by & shy; the appearance of blood in the urine is normal. Also, after examination, pain in the lower abdomen, burning in the urethra are possible. Advise the patient not to perform intense physical exertion, such as playing tennis, jogging or physical exercise programs, during the week after the procedure. Caution the patient to immediately inform the attending physician if the following symptoms occur: prolonged urge to urinate, persistent presence of bright red blood or blood clots in the urine, fever after cystic dysfunction, chills, accompanied by trembling, inability to urinate if there are urges urination, frequent urges, which are accompanied by sensations of burning and pain in the urethra, more than three days, and lower back pain.
REVIEW AND EXCRETOR UROGRAPHY
Required list of documents for research
Direction (form No. 057/y) and extract from the ICAB (form No. 027/y) - if the study will be conducted in anotherthe building of the clinic or other MO.
Evidence from previous studies/inpatient care - if available.
Biochemical blood test for serum creatinine level in the following patient groups:
- over the age of 60;
- having a history of kidney disease (transplantation, single kidney, kidney cancer, kidney surgery, inflammatory diseases);
- arterial hypertension requiring medical treatment;
- diabetes mellitus;
- gout;
- proteinuria/albuminuria with a level of A1 and above;
- recent administration of nephrotoxic drugs (non-shy; roid anti-inflammatory drugs for chronic use in high doses (more than 1 gram per day for more than two years), diuretics with regular long-term use, cyclosporine, cisplatin, aminoglycosides, amphotericin, etc. .).
Patient preparation
3 days before the study, it is recommended to follow a diet with the exclusion of products that enhance intestinal motility and gas formation (flour products, brown bread, raw vegetables and fruits, legumes, milk, juices, carbonated drinks and others). Perform colon cleansing on the eve and on the day of the study (cleansing enema or taking a laxative (Endofalk/Fortran/Moviprep/Lavacol/Fleet) according to the instructions). For patients who are taking metformin-containing drugs, they should stop taking these drugs from the moment the contrast agent is injected and resume taking them 48 hours after the test.
CT OF THE ABDOMINAL BODIES CAVITIES AND PELVIS
Required list of documents for research
Direction (form No. 057/y) and extract from the ICAB (form No. 027/y) - if the study will be carried out in another building of the clinic or another municipality.
Data from previous studies/inpatient care - if available. Ultrasound, MRI, CT data - if any.
Patient preparation
2 hours before the study, the patient must refuse to eat & shy; food intake.
Warn patient to remove all metal objects in the scan area (piercing).
After the examination, the patient needs to consume more fluid bones to increase the volume of urine excreted. The study is carried out before the X-ray examination of the food of the cooking tract with barium suspension, or a week after.
MRI OF ORGANS ABDOMINAL CAVITY
Required list of documents for research
Direction (form No. 057/y) and extract from the ICAB (form No. 027/y) - if the study will be carried out in another building of the clinic or another municipality.
Evidence from previous studies/inpatient care - if available.
Be sure to check with the patient for the presence of implanted medical devices in the body. Stents and metal structures are not a contraindication to MRI. If the patient has a pacemaker and other electronic devices, it is necessary to provide accompanying documents to identify the product as MP-compatible, MP-incompatible, or MP-compatible under certain conditions. For controversial issues, consultation with a radiologist specializing in MRI is required.
Patient preparation
3 days before the upcoming study, a light diet is recommended: foods that enhance intestinal motility and ha & zy formation (flour products, brown bread, raw vegetables and fruits, legumes, milk, juices, carbonated and alcoholic drinks) are excluded. With increased gas formation, adsorbent preparations (activated carbon) should be taken.
An antispasmodic should be taken 1 hour before the study (a specific drug and dose should be agreed with the attending physician). Warn patient to remove all metal objects in the scan area (piercing).
MRI OF THE PELVIC ORGANISMS
Required list of documents for research
Direction (form No. 057/y) and extract from the ICAB (form No. 027/y) - if the study will be carried out in another building of the clinic or another municipality.
Evidence from previous studies/inpatient care - if available.
Be sure to check with the patient for the presence of implanted medical devices in the body. Stents and metal structures are not a contraindication to MRI. If the patient has a pacemaker and other electronic devices, it is necessary to provide accompanying documents to identify the product as MP-compatible, MP-incompatible, or MP-compatible under certain conditions. For controversial issues, consultation with a radiologist specializing in MRI is required.
Patient preparation
6 hours before the study, stop eating (people with diabetes need to agree on the possibility of such preparation).
An antispasmodic must be taken 1 hour before the study.
On the day of the study, the patient consumes fluid in bothin normal mode.
1 hour before the study, drink 700-1000 ml of liquid.
Warn patient to remove all metal objects in the scan area (piercing).
CT WITHOUT CONTRAST (EVERYTHING, EXCEPT ABDOMINAL CAVITY AND ORGANS Small pelvis)
Required list of documents for research
Direction (form No. 057/y) and extract from the ICAB (form No. 027/y) - if the study will be carried out in another building of the clinic or another municipal institution.
Evidence from previous studies/inpatient care - if available.
Patient preparation
Not required.
CT and MRI with CONTRAST
Required list of documents for research:
Direction (form No. 057/y) and extract from the ICAB (form No. 027/y) - if the study will be carried out in another building of the clinic or another municipal institution.
Evidence from previous studies/inpatient care - if available.
Results of a biochemical blood test, in particular creatinine.
Patient preparation
The study is performed on an empty stomach or 2-3 hours after the last meal.
The study is carried out before x-ray studies of the food of the cooking tract with barium suspension or 1-1.5 weeks after. Patients taking metformin-containing drugs (gluco-fage, siofor, etc.) should stop taking these drugs with the contraceptive administration and resume taking them 48 hours after the study.
13C-UREASIC RESPIRATORY TEST FOR DIAGNOSTICS N. PYLORI
Required list of documents for research
Direction (form No. 057/y) and extract from the ICAB (form No. 027/y) - if the study will be carried out in another building of the clinic or another municipality.
Patient preparation
4 weeks before the study, you must stop taking antibiotic & shy; tics and bismuth preparations.
2 weeks before the study, it is necessary to stop taking gastric secretion blockers - proton pump inhibitors. On the eve of the study, it is recommended to limit yourself to a light dinner.
You can’t have breakfast and smoke before the test.
The test should not be performed immediately after esophagogastroduodenoscopy (endoscopy) with biopsy.
Physical activity on the eve and during the test can lead to a shift in the ratio 13С/'2С in exhaled air towards an increase in the content of the ¹2С isotope.
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Preparation for the laboratory
research methods
GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS AND RULES FOR PREPARATION FOR SUBMITTING ANALYSIS BLOOD
General guidelines and guidelines for preparing a blood test
Hematologic blood test (clinical blood test).
Biochemical analysis of blood, including hormones. Coagulological blood test.
Immunological studies (tumor markers, infections (hepatitis B and C, syphilis, HIV).
Required list of documents for research
Form - a referral to the study indicating the necessary & shy; indicators with the signature and seal of the doctor.
Tips for taking blood
strictly in the morning on an empty stomach (the recommended time is between 7 and 9 in the morning), for hormones and indicators of the hemostatic system (coagulological studies) - strictly until 10.00.
Patient preparation
1-2 days before the study, you should not eat fatty foods and al & shy; cogol. It is necessary to limit physical activity, hypothermia and overheating as much as possible.
1 hour before the study, exclude physical and emotional stress, smoking.
On the day of the study, the medication should be agreed with the attending physician.
On the day of the study, the drinking regimen: only water in the usual volume, you can not drink tea, coffee, juice or other drinks.
The day before the study, the last meal no later than 19.00.
Contraindications to research
You can not donate blood after physiotherapy procedures, instrumental examination, x-ray and ultrasound examinations, massage and other medical procedures.
Special preparation rules and additional restrictions for a number of tests in addition to general recommendations:
Urea, uric acid - 2-3 days before the study, it is necessary to abandon the use of the liver, kidneys and limit the diet of meat, fish, coffee, tea.
Cholesterol, triglycerides, high lipoproteins and low density lipoproteins - 1-2 days before the proposed study do not eat fatty, fried foods, 2 weeks before the study it is not necessary to cancel drugs that lower blood lipids (in consultation with the doctor ).
Glucose - in the morning, exclude the use of contraceptives, diuretics (as agreed with the doctor).
Thyroid hormones - exclude the use of any drugs on the day of the study (affecting the function of the thyroid gland, aspi rin, tranquilizers, corticosteroids, oral contraceptivesEffective).
PSA (total, free) - blood for examination can be donated no earlier than 2 weeks after a biopsy of the prostate gland and prostate massage; the post-surgical level is determined no earlier than 6 weeks after the intervention.
CA-125 - take it more informatively 2-3 days after menstruation.
Blood test for infections - 2 days before donating blood for viral hepatitis, exclude citrus, orange fruits and vegetables from the diet; blood for the presence of IgM antibodies to infectious agents should be carried out no earlier than 5-7 days after the disease, IgG, IgA antibodies no earlier than 10-14 days, in the presence of doubtful results, it is advisable to re-analyze after 3-5 days - coordinate with the doctor !
GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS AND RULES PREPARATIONS FOR COLLECTION AND DELIVERY URINE ANALYSIS
Required list of documents for research
General analysis of urine (form f.210/y).
Biochemistry of urine in a single serving. Microalbumin in the urine.
Microbiological examination of urine (culture).
Recommendations for collecting and submitting analysis
The patient collects the entire morning portion of urine (pour the first few milliliters of urine into the toilet), the previous urination should be no later than 2 a.m. The patient collects urine with free urination in a dry, clean container with a wide throat, mixes it and takes it into a special medical container with a screw cap in a volume of not more than 50-100 ml. Urine collection is carried out after a thorough toilet of the external genital organs without the use of antiseptics.
Women are not recommended to take a urine test during menstruation.
You can’t use urine from a vessel to study, a pot! When appointing urine culture, use only a sterile copper & shy; zinc container!
Patient preparation
The night before, 10-12 hours before the study, we don’t recommend drinking alcohol, spicy and salty foods, or foods that change the color of urine (beets, carrots), and the usual drinking regimen. Taking medications must be agreed with your doctor. If possible, exclude the use of diuretic drugs.
When prescribing urine culture, urine collection must be carried out before the start of drug treatment and not earlier than 10-14 days after the course of treatment.
Storage conditions for biomaterial at home and delivery to the laboratory
It is recommended that the collected urine be delivered immediately to the laboratory. It is necessary to store urine in a medical container at T=+2; +24 ° С and only for a short time, in the refrigerator at t +2 ° С; +4 ° С - no more than 1.5 hours. The patient must deliver a container of urine to the laboratory on the day of collection, but no later than 1 hour after receiving the sample.
GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS AND RULES PREPARATIONS FOR COLLECTING THE DAILY URINE FOR ANALYSIS
Biochemical studies (calcium). For glucose, protein.
Recommendations for collecting and submitting analysis
Urine collection is carried out after a thorough toilet of the external genitalia without the use of antiseptics. Women are not recommended to take a urine test during menstruation. Urine for research is collected throughout the day (24 hours), including at night. Immediately after waking up (at 6-8 a.m.), the patient urinates in the toilet (the first morning portion for the study is not taken into account!). In the future, during the day, the patient collects all urine in a clean container, with a volume of at least 2 liters. If at night the patient does not have the urge to urinate, you do not need to specifically wake up to urinate. Collect the last urine in the total capacity at exactly the same time the next morning, when the collection was started the day before (at 6-8 a.m., the first morning serving). After receiving the last portion, the patient must carefully measure the amount of urine received, mix gently and pour 50-100 ml for research into a medical container. Be sure to write on the container the amount of urine collected per day.
Patient preparation
Samples for the study, the patient collects in the usual drinking regime (1.5-2 l) and the nature of the diet.
During the sample collection period, the patient should rule out excessive fluid loss and alcohol.
On the day of sampling, the patient should be excluded from taking diuretics.
On the eve of the start of sampling, the patient must refrain from physical exertion.
Storage conditions for biomaterial at home and delivery to the laboratory
Store the container into which urine is collected, the medical container with the sample must be kept in a cool and dark place, it is optimal to store it in the refrigerator at t + 2 ° + 8 ° C on the lower shelf. Do not freeze! The patient must deliver the container with collected urine to the laboratory on the day the last portion is received, and no later than 1 hour after receiving it.
GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS AND RULES PREPARATIONS FOR THE COLLECTION AND DELIVERY KALA ANALYSIS
Oha mandatory list of documents for research
General analysis of feces (form f. 219/y).
Feces on i/g, occult blood, stercobillin, bilirubin (form f. 220/y).
Microbiological studies of feces (culture).
Recommendations for collecting and submitting analysis
Feces are collected after spontaneous bowel movements (before collecting feces, you must first urinate in the toilet and flush). The sample is taken in a universal container with a screw cap, in a volume equal to 1/2 teaspoon or spatula, in the lid of the container from various places of a single serving, with a total volume of not more than 1/3 of the container.
Special instructions:
For microbiological examination of feces, take a sample only in a sterile medical container with a screw cap.
Patient preparation
A test sample is collected under the conditions of the usual drinking regime and the nature of nutrition.
3-4 days before the study, it is necessary to stop taking medications that affect secretory processes and peristalsis (laxatives, enzymes, sympathomimetics, bismuth and iron preparations), as well as interfering with the study (rectal suppositories).
When prescribing stool culture, the biomaterial is collected before treatment with antibacterial and chemotherapeutic drugs, if this is not possible, then the study is carried out no earlier than 12 hours after drug withdrawal.
For a reliable determination of latent blood, the patient needs to exclude meat, fish, green vegetables, tomatoes and medicines containing metals (iron, copper) from the diet 3 days before the study.
Pay attention to the patient when collecting feces in a container, avoid impurities of urine and discharge from the genitals. It is unacceptable to deliver feces for examination in matchboxes, cardboard boxes, and fittings for assembled dishes.
Contraindications for collection and analysis
To obtain reliable results, the study is not carried out in patients with bleeding (hemorrhoids, prolonged constipation, for & shy; gum disease with signs of bleeding, menstruation), after an X-ray examination of the stomach and intestines (stool analysis is permissible no earlier than two days). You can not do research after an enema!
Storage conditions for biomaterial at home and delivery to the laboratory:
It is recommended that the obtained stool sample be immediately delivered to the laboratory, or no later than 30-40 minutes after receipt, provided that it is stored in a medical container at T=+2 +4 ° C (it is especially important when assigning studies to protozoa!).
GENERAL RECOMMENDATIONS AND RULES PREPARATIONS FOR COLLECTION OF Sputum FOR A GENERAL ANALYSIS
Required list of documents for research
General sputum analysis (form f. 216/y).
Recommendations for collecting and submitting analysis
For general clinical examination, sputum is recommended to collect sutra and on an empty stomach during a coughing fit in a special medical container with a wide neck and a screw cap. In order to prevent the mixing of the contents of the oral cavity with sputum, the oral cavity is sanitized before coughing - you need to brush your teeth, rinse your mouth and throat with boiled water. For sputum discharge, take expectorants, warm drink the day before. Sputum is collected by the patient on his own by means of deep coughing. The patient should be warned that it is necessary to collect only phlegm, which is separated by coughing, and not by expectoration!
Patient preparation and sputum production technique
After the rehabilitation of the oral cavity, the patient should sit on a chair opposite the open window.
Take 2 deep breaths and exhale.
On the 3rd breath, get out of the chair to fill the lungs with air and immediately afterwards forcefully and sharply push the air out of the lungs so that the diaphragm compresses the lungs. Such an exhalation will cause a natural cough.
The patient should cough up sputum and spit in a special plastic & shy; stick medical container, tightly close the container with a swine & shy; sealed lid.
Storage conditions for biomaterial at home and delivery to the laboratory
It is necessary to deliver the sample to the laboratory as soon as possible, and no later than 1 hour after receiving it. Store the medical container with the sample in a cool and dark place.
RULES FOR PREPARATION TO A Glucose-Tolerant Test
Required list of documents for research
For a glucose tolerance test, a patient needs to write a prescription for glucose in powder for dilution (Glucose 75.0).
Recommendations for the study
The study is carried out strictly on an empty stomach in the morning.
* Pregnant glucose tolerance test is recommended for a period of 24-28 weeks.
Patient preparation
3 days before the study, the patient must follow a normal diet with a carbohydrate content of at least 125-150 g per day, exclude alcohol, adhere to the usualizicheski наг y zok; during night fasting it is forbidden to smoke; before the study, to minimize physical activity, hypothermia and overheating.
The day before the study, the last meal no later than 19.00.
On the day of the study in the morning you can only water in the usual volume, it is FORBIDDEN to drink tea, coffee, juice and other drinks.
Before the test, it is necessary, in agreement with the attending physician, to exclude the use of the following drugs (adrenaline, glucocorticoids, contraceptives, caffeine, diuretics, thiazide series, psychotropic drugs and antidepressants).
Contraindications to the study
You can not donate blood after physiotherapeutic procedures, instrumental examination, X-ray and ultrasound examinations, massage and other medical procedures. It is not recommended to conduct a study after and during stressful effects, after operations and childbirth, in inflammatory processes, alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver, hepatitis, during menstruation, and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract with impaired glucose absorption.